FPGA-Based Real-Time Simulation for Multiple Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

Combining the renewable energy system, the Energy Storage (ES) station can maintain stable power transfer between renewable energy systems and power grid. This paper works on real-time simulation for multiple energy storage systems under different operating modes. Then taking a large number of ES converters and power grid into account, a modified electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) algorithm is proposed which is fit for the field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based real-time simulation. By compressing the steps of the traditional EMTP algorithm, the simulation can be completed only by updating the history current source in each simulation cycle. In the meantime, the system is decoupled and multiple subsystems are simulated independently. Furthermore, to fully utilize the high parallelism of FPGA, we design and build a CPU-FPGA-based real-time simulation platform to implement the ES station. Using the simulation platform, we build a model of ES station and connect to the grid through an inverter. The whole system is tested in a single FPGA under different scenarios.