FPGA-Based Improved Sobel Operator Edge Detection

Abstract

Image edge detection is an important field in image processing, with its primary goal being to identify edge information of various objects in images. Traditional edge detection programs are mostly executed serially, resulting in low detection efficiency. This paper proposes an FPGA-based improved Sobel operator edge detection method, harnessing the parallel processing capability of FPGA to enhance detection efficiency. Building upon the Sobel operator in edge detection algorithms, this method increases the convolution calculation dimensions of the Sobel operator, expanding it from 2 directions to 8 directions for more precise edge information. Images captured by OV5640 are processed within the FPGA and displayed via VGA. Compared to other edge detection algorithms, the FPGA-based improved Sobel operator edge detection method efficiently and rapidly detects image edges, ensuring stable image display and accurate edge information.