Abstract
In the present work, we numerically study the laminar natural convection of a nanofluid confined in a square cavity. The vertical walls are assumed to be insulated, non-conducting, and impermeable to mass transfer. The horizontal walls are differentially heated, and the low is maintained at hot condition (sinusoidal) when the high one is cold. The objective of this work is to develop a new height accurate method for solving heat transfer equations. The new method is a Fourth Order Compact (F.O.C). This work aims to show the interest of the method and understand the effect of the presence of nanofluids in closed square systems on the natural convection mechanism. The numerical simulations are performed for Prandtl number ( ), the Rayleigh numbers varying between and for different volume fractions varies between 0% and 10% for the nanofluid (water + Cu).
Highlights
In a better description, nanofluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles (1 - 100 nm) in a base fluid
Several published literatures have mainly focused on the prediction and measurement techniques in order to evaluate the thermal conductivity of nanofluid
It is noticeable that only a few papers have discussed the convective heat transfer of nanofluids, including the experimental and theoretical investigation
Summary
Nanofluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles (1 - 100 nm) in a base fluid. Common base fluids include water, oil, and Ethylene Glycol while nanoparticles are typically made of chemically stable metals, metal oxides or carbon in various forms. S. Choi [1] in 1995 was probably the first one who called the fluids with particles of nanometer dimensions “nanofluids”. Choi [1] in 1995 was probably the first one who called the fluids with particles of nanometer dimensions “nanofluids” He showed substantial augmentation of heat transported in suspensions of copper or aluminum nanoparticles in water and other liquids. Compared with suspended particles of millimeter or micrometer dimensions, nanofluids show better stability and rheological properties, dramatically higher thermal conductivities and no penalty in pressure drop. It is noticeable that only a few papers have discussed the convective heat transfer of nanofluids, including the experimental and theoretical investigation
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