Fourier two-temperature model to describe ultrafast laser pulses interaction with metals: A novel mathematical technique

Abstract

Ultrafast thermal phenomena during femtosecond laser pulse heating of solids, first of all of metals, were analytically developed using a new mathematical method based upon the two-temperature model via the Fourier approach. A straightforward but powerful mathematical formalism is proposed to evaluate the spatial and temporal profiles of electron temperature under the irradiation with a single Gaussian femtoseconds laser pulse. An illustrative example was selected: a semi-infinite Gold target under femtosecond laser pulse irradiation. The proposed model can be used to guide and design experimental activities, i.e. parameters optimization before conducting real-time experiments of ultrashort laser pulses - metals interaction.