Abstract
Samples of species close to Tremellafibulifera from China and Brazil are studied, and T.fibulifera is confirmed as a species complex including nine species. Five known species (T.cheejenii, T.fibulifera s.s., T. “neofibulifera”, T.lloydiae-candidae and T.olens) and four new species (T.australe, T.guangxiensis, T.latispora and T.subfibulifera) in the complex are recognized based on morphological characteristics, molecular evidence, and geographic distribution. Sequences of eight species of the complex were included in the phylogenetic analyses because T.olens lacks molecular data. The phylogenetic analyses were performed by a combined sequence dataset of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the partial nuclear large subunit rDNA (nLSU), and a combined sequence dataset of the ITS, partial nLSU, the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU), the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1), the largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2). The eight species formed eight independent lineages with robust support in phylogenies based on both datasets. Illustrated description of the six species including Tremellafibulifera s.s., T. “neofibulifera” and four new species, and discussions with their related species, are provided. A table of the comparison of the important characteristics of nine species in the T.fibulifera complex and a key to the whitish species in Tremella s.s. are provided.
Highlights
Tremella Pers. is characterized by being parasitic on or associated with other fungi or lichens (Bandoni and Oberwinkler 1983; Chen 1998; Pippola and Kotiranta 2008; Malysheva et al 2015; Zhao et al 2019) and by having a haploid unicellular yeast stage and diploid stage in its life cycle (Boekhout et al 2011; Weiss et al 2014; Liu et al 2015a; Zhao et al 2019)
Tremella s.l. was separated into several genera due to its polyphyletism, it is still somewhat confusing because taxonomic positions of some Tremella species are uncertain in Tremellales, especially some species recently described from lichens (Ariyawansa et al 2015; Malysheva et al 2015; Millanes et al 2015; Zamora et al 2016, 2018)
The phylogeny shows that eight species are clustered into the T. fibulifera complex and four new species form four independent lineages with robust support
Summary
Tremella Pers. is characterized by being parasitic on or associated with other fungi or lichens (Bandoni and Oberwinkler 1983; Chen 1998; Pippola and Kotiranta 2008; Malysheva et al 2015; Zhao et al 2019) and by having a haploid unicellular yeast stage and diploid stage in its life cycle (Boekhout et al 2011; Weiss et al 2014; Liu et al 2015a; Zhao et al 2019). Tremella s.l. was separated into several genera due to its polyphyletism, it is still somewhat confusing because taxonomic positions of some Tremella species are uncertain in Tremellales, especially some species recently described from lichens (Ariyawansa et al 2015; Malysheva et al 2015; Millanes et al 2015; Zamora et al 2016, 2018). These lichenicolous species were described as Tremella, but they were not clustered into Tremella s.s. in the phylogeny (Ariyawansa et al 2015; Malysheva et al 2015; Millanes et al 2015; Zamora et al 2016, 2018). Zhao et al (2019) described four new Tremella species based on the phylogenetic relationship of 19 species in Tremella s.s., and Li et al (2020) published a new yeast species of Tremella s.s. based on multi-gene analysis
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