Foundations and earthworks for cylindrical steel storage tanks : Harris, G Ground Engng. V9, N5, July, 1976, P24–31

Abstract

The design and construction techniques for steel storage tanks for storing oil and general bulk commodities are reviewed. The nature of storage tanks are described, the effects of settlement of tanks are discussed, and comments are made on tank loadings, foundations, water testing and settlement records, dyke compount areas, and underwriting considerations. Shell bearing plates are used for fixed roof tanks where shell bearing pressures are in excess of 100 kilopascals or where floating roof tanks are involved. Large size cone roof tanks have their roofs supported on columns and generally a center column. The dead load on columns normally ranges from 50 to 100 kn, whereas live load can add a further 100 to 150 kn per column. Foundation solutions for varying soil conditions are diagramatically illustrated and relate to shallow foundations in competant graound, foundations for poor ground conditions, fill replacement technique, piled foundations, and foundation preloading. Tests to ensure that the storage tank is water tight, and that the foundation is adequate to carry the loadings are discussed. The dyking (to retain spillage and prevent flooding and pollution) precaustions to be adopted in any instance will depend on the nature of the commodity being stored. Underwriting consideraions are discussed related to the storage of hydrocarbons.