Abstract
The evidence base around what causes mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders is substantial. Likewise, researchers have found methods for preventing and treating disorders, as well as for promoting healthy mental, emotional, and behavioral well-being. However, high rates of these disorders continue to persist in children and adolescents across the United States. A recent report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled Fostering Healthy Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Development in Children and Youth: A National Agenda explores updated research in epidemiology, risk and protective factors, effective strategies, and implementation science that will help diverse partners and stakeholders better support healthy mental, emotional, and behavioral development. This paper outlines the implementation science research related to programs detailed in the report and emphasizes the key components for successful intervention implementation and scale-up. It highlights the necessity of identifying core intervention components, as well as other factors such as community partnerships, implementation strategies, and the systems capacities necessary for increasing success and sustainability.
Highlights
In the past decade, a growing body of research has significantly strengthened the scientific foundation for the United States to create a society in which young people develop the skills and health habits needed to live healthy, happy, and productive lives
Other research differentiates between surface adaptations, which involve superficial aspects of an intervention, and deep structural adaptations that relate to content and affect outcomes of interest more directly (Moore et al, 2013; Resnicow et al, 2000). Despite this thinking about what is important in adapting programs to meet the needs of diverse communities, the findings around the effects of cultural adaptations on treatment outcomes suggests that results have been mixed (Benish et al, 2011; Gonzales, 2017; Griner & Smith, 2006; Huey & Polo, 2008)
Large-scale implementation requires more than a well-researched program design with clear core components and an effective strategy
Summary
A growing body of research has significantly strengthened the scientific foundation for the United States to create a society in which young people develop the skills and health habits needed to live healthy, happy, and productive lives. Other research differentiates between surface adaptations, which involve superficial aspects of an intervention, and deep structural adaptations that relate to content and affect outcomes of interest more directly (Moore et al, 2013; Resnicow et al, 2000) Despite this thinking about what is important in adapting programs to meet the needs of diverse communities, the findings around the effects of cultural adaptations on treatment outcomes suggests that results have been mixed (Benish et al, 2011; Gonzales, 2017; Griner & Smith, 2006; Huey & Polo, 2008). Such workers are often from the same community as the program participants, and can serve as experts on that population. Similar work in other contexts reinforces these findings (Fagan & Mihalic, 2003; Leeman et al, 2015; Romney et al, 2014; West et al, 2012), research has not yet determined an optimal dosage of implementation support (Beam et al, 2012; Chinman et al, 2016; Feinberg, 2008; Spoth et al, 2007)
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