Abstract
Foster care in the United States is at a crisis point. The following literature review examines the roots of formalized family foster care, current issues facing the foster care system, and future directions for foster care. Issues explored include the effects of the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980 on the foster care system, the effects of foster care on the biological families of foster children and foster parents, the current foster care crisis, the difficulties with foster parent recruitment and retention, and the status of foster parent training. Recommendations for the professionalization of foster parents, increases in remuneration and support services, theoretically-based foster parent training, and creative permanency plan options are presented. The History of Foster Care It takes an entire village to rear a single child. The above ancient African proverb confirms that the growth and development of a society's children has long been viewed as the responsibility not only of the biological
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