Abstract
In regions of high heat flow, thermal convection dominates the behaviour of groundwaters or sea water in permeable and/or fractured crust, thus generating geothermal systems. Terrestrial geothermal systems are derived from air-saturated meteoric waters which penetrate the crust to regions influenced by cooling magmas (Henley and Ellis 1983). Submarine geothermal systems are, by contrast, characterised by sea water convection cells which are also heated by cooling magmas at depth. This chapter takes a look at terrestrial geothermal systems and at a category of submarine systems related to submerged volcanic structures at convergent plate boundaries. The following chapter looks at geothermal activity associated with mid-ocean ridges.
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