Abstract
Accurate measurement of bladder volume is an important tool for evaluating bladder function. In this study, we propose a wearable bladder scanner system that can continuously measure bladder volume in daily life for urinary patients who need urodynamic studies. The system consisted of a 2-D array, which included integrated forward-looking piezoelectric transducers with thin substrates. This study aims to estimate the volume of the bladder using a small number of piezoelectric transducers. A least-squares method was implemented to optimize an ellipsoid in a quadratic surface equation for bladder volume estimation. Ex-vivo experiments of a pig bladder were conducted to validate the proposed system. This work presents the potential of the approach for wearable bladder monitoring, which has similar measurement accuracy compared to the commercial bladder imaging system. The wearable bladder scanner can be improved further as electronic voiding diaries by adding a few more features to the current function.
Highlights
Due to the growing aging population, urination is an essential indicator of health.Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) are diseases related to the storage of urinary circulation and the excretion phase, including urinary incontinence, night urination, and residual urine
We present a prototype of a wearable ultrasound device that can continuously measure the bladder volume during the everyday life of patients who need
This study presents a wearable bladder scanner for continuous volume monitoring
Summary
Due to the growing aging population, urination is an essential indicator of health.Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) are diseases related to the storage of urinary circulation and the excretion phase, including urinary incontinence, night urination, and residual urine. Methods for evaluating the condition of the bladder include measurements using urinary catheterization or ultrasound. Urinary catheterization involves inserting the catheter into the bladder and measuring the residual amount of urine after urination. It is the gold standard for measuring the post-void residual volume [6]. The ultrasound imaging systems are non-invasive and reduce urinary catheterization. There are no significant differences in accuracy compared to catheters [9,10,11] These imaging systems are difficult to objectively identify the function of the bladder in the process of urine storage and discharge and are intended for use by medical staff for urological diagnosis
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