Abstract
Abstract This paper investigates the applications of the fiber Raman amplifier (FRA) in coherent optical communication systems. We present analytical expressions for the signal and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise. The signal spectrum is found to be nearly unchanged by the Raman pumping while the ASE noise spectrum is much wider than the signal. The amplified signal and ASE noise powers are calculated and the achievable amplifier gain is presented. When the pumping source is identical, the forward and backward FRA's provide the same amplifier gain. However, the backward FRA exhibits better noise performance than the forward one.
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