Abstract
Bone engineering scaffolds with antibacterial activity satisfy the repair of bacterial infected bone defects, which is an expected issue in clinical. In this work, 3D-printed polymer-derived forsterite scaffolds were proposed to be deposited with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating via a hydrothermal treatment, achieving the functions of photothermal-induced antibacterial ability and bioactivity. The results showed that polymer-derived forsterite scaffolds possessed the photothermal antibacterial ability to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in vitro, owing to the photothermal effect of free carbon embedded in the scaffolds. The morphology of HA coating on forsterite scaffolds could be controlled through changing the hydrothermal temperature and the pH value of the reaction solution during hydrothermal treatment. Furthermore, HA coating did not influence the mechanical strength and photothermal effect of the scaffolds, but facilitated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) on scaffolds. Hence, the HA-deposited forsterite scaffolds would be greatly promising for repairing bacterial infected bone defects.
Highlights
Bone defects caused by the postoperative infections,J Adv Ceram 2021, 10(5): 1095–1106 bone repair owing to their biocompatibility, excellent mechanical property, and slow biodegradation behavior [7]
The proliferation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) on scaffolds was evaluated by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, which was determined by measuring the absorbance at a wavelength of 450 nm with a microplate reader (Bio-Rad680, USA)
It can be seen that M2S scaffold became rougher and the scaffold color changed from black to gray after HA coating (Figs. 1(a) and 1(b)), suggesting the deposition of white HA on M2S scaffolds was successfully achieved via a simple hydrothermal process
Summary
J Adv Ceram 2021, 10(5): 1095–1106 bone repair owing to their biocompatibility, excellent mechanical property, and slow biodegradation behavior [7]. The relatively poor bioactivity of forsterite would affect its osteogenesis ability [14] To address this issue, an efficient strategy is developed to modify the surface of forsterite scaffolds with bioactive materials, which could stimulate cell responses of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) including cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, thereby promoting bone repair [15,16]. The HA coating was highly bonded to the substrate materials, and significantly promoted cell response of rBMSCs. Hu et al [28] used a hydrothermal method to deposit nano HA with rod-like morphology on porous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds, and achieved better osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs compared with pure BCP scaffolds. We proposed to deposit HA coating on the surface of 3D-printed polymer-derived forsterite scaffolds by a hydrothermal method to improve the bioactivity. The HA-coated forsterite scaffolds would be promising for repair bone defects with bacterial infection
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