Formulation, physical stability test and anti-bacterial test of nanoemulsion from water and n-hexane extract of Cinnamomum burmanii

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the positive gram bacteria found in human skin and is a link for various infectious diseases. Antibiotics resistance to these bacteria has been widely reported. This study aimed to formulate a nanoemulsion gel from cinnamon bark extract and to test the effectiveness to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus as one of a cause of acne. Gel nanoemulsion is an innovation in nanotechnology that has the advantage of increasing the absorption of drugs in the skin so that the active compounds can work effectively. This process begins by macerating the cinnamon bark with water and n-hexane solvents. Macerate obtained then prepared as nanoemulsion and formulated to gel nanoemulsion with Snead’s method. The emulsion formed was analyzed by particle size analyzer (PSA). The results show that the average size of the nanoparticles in n-hexane and aquadest extract of cinnamon bark was 25.8 and 35.1 nm with polydispersion index values of 0.475 and 0.461. The n-hexane cinnamon bark extract forms a yellowish nanoemulsion gel and has been shown to be active against the Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition diameter 11.5 mm). Whereas the water extract of cinnamon bark forms a white nanoemulsion gel but does not show activity against Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition diameter 0 mm). In addition, the physical stability test showed that both nanoemulsion gels do not change in pH (pH 6), there are no coarse grains formed and spread constantly (5 cm/g) during 14 days of observation.