Formulation of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Loaded with Algae Extract: A Detailed Study of Preparation and Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential for Stabilization of Fish Oil

Abstract

Freshwater macroalgae, Spirogyra spp., were extracted with ethanol and analyzed the antioxidant activity. The total phenolic contents (TPCs) of Spirogyra spp. ethanolic extract (SE) were 611.38±1.51 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract and radical DPPH scavenging activity of ethanolic extract was 5248.15±0.20 mM Trolox equivalents/g of dry weight. The Nanostructured Lipid Carriers loaded with ethanolic extract of algae called E-NLCs were prepared by the high shear homogenization method using Compritol 888 ATO, Miglyol oil, Poloxamer 188, extract and Tween 80, respectively. The Particle size (PS), Polydispersity Index (PI), Zeta Potential (ZP) and Entrapment Efficiency (EE) were determined as 110.2 nm ± 5.1, 0.22 ± 0.01 and-14.1 mV ± 1.1, respectively. The appearance of the prepared E-NLCs was spherical morphology. The EE of extract was 66.3±2.25% in NLCs system. Antioxidant potential for stabilization of fish oil was evaluated by the estimation of peroxide values (PV) of fish oil from the catfish, fish oil treated directly with natural antioxidant (SE) and in form of E-NLCs using the butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) as standard and then incubated at 60 °C for a period of eight days. The results demonstrated that BHT have higher antioxidant potential for fish oil than SE and E-NLCs. Treatment containing E-NLCs and BHT in fish oil showed similar PV after the third day. However, the antioxidant activity of E-NLCs in stabilization of fish oil is higher than that of SE.