Formulation of Local Food Based Snack Using Linear Program for Nutrisurvey to Prevent Stunting in Under-Five Children

Abstract

The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has decreased from 37.2% in 2013 to 30.8% in 2018. This prevalence is still far from the government target, which is 14%. Immunostimulant prebiotic food formulations in the form of snack bars made from lempeni leaves, edamame, and local herbal plants can be used to increase immunity and prevent stunting among children. However, the development of a local-based diet by considering the nutrient adequacy of the children is lacking. This study aimed to develop an optimized snack bar based on nutrient adequacy using linear programming to meet the nutrient requirement of under-five children. This study used Nutri Survey for Linear Programming 2004 software to develop an optimized snack bar. Nutrition Adequacy Rate among children 1-4 years were used to determine the composition of the snack bar. The composition of the snack bar consists of Simplicia powder of lempeni leaves, edamame, cinnamon powder, ginger powder, oats, almonds, cashew, raisins, honey, peanut butter, and chocolate. The Results show two formulas based on Linear Programming calculation and one formula for control. Snack bar formula fulfilled energy and macronutrient intake requirements within the acceptable macronutrient distribution range. Formula 1 contains 122 kcal energy; 2,9 g protein; 4,9 g fat; 13,4 g carbohydrate, 0,8 mg iron; and 0,4 mg zinc. Formula 2 contains 123 kcal energy; 3,05 g protein; 5,6 g fat; 13,5 g carbohydrate, 0,9 mg iron; and 0,4 mg zinc. Those values are describe the optimization model used in this study provides a mathematical solution for an economical snack bar that approximate the nutrient requirements for under-five children to prevent stunting.