Formulation of Black Mulberry Fruit (Morus nigra l.) Ethanol Extract as Anti-Acne Cream Against Propionibacterium acne

Abstract

Various parts of mulberry have been identified consisting of a large number of phenols and flavonoids, which are effective for immunosuppression, antioxidants, and are antibacterial, and anticancer agents. A polysaccharide and an alkaloid related to increased macrophage activity from mulberry fruit extracts. This study aims to formulate black mulberry fruit into cream dosage form and determine the antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. This is an experimental research which varying extract into 4 different concentrations: 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50%. There is two control group which is positive using vitacid cream and the negative control is cream base without extract. The cream was made and examined for its physical characteristic and the cream was tested for antibacterial activity using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The result showed that the cream met the requirements of homogeneity, pH as its requirement, stable during storage, not irritating, and the antibacterial activity of 6,25% concentration has an average inhibition zone diameter of 10.15mm, a concentration of 12,5% is 12.36mm, a concentration of 25% is 13.16mm, and a concentration of 50% is 15.5 mm. From this study can be concluded that the cream preparation from an ethanol extract of black mulberry has good antibacterial activity against P.acne bacteria with a very strong inhibition zone.