Formulation of a Multifunctional Biopreparations for Phytoremediation of Oil-Contaminated Soils: from Laboratory to Pilot-Industrial Technology

Abstract

A formulation method for biopreparations stimulating phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils based on rhizobacteria was proposed. Technology involves the cultivation of bacterial cultures Bacillus RB15 and Pseudomonas RB43 in a liquid nutrient medium, followed by concentration the biomass by centrifugation and drying the finished product by contact drying. The optimal temperature (23–30 °C) and the duration of the process (three days) were determined at the stage of preparation of the liquid preparation (cultural liquor CL rhizobacteria). A comparative analysis of the results of the concentration of CL using various methods – vacuum evaporation, ultrafitration and centrifugation showed that the application of the method of concentrating biomass in a centrifugal field is most suitable both for technological and operational characteristics. То obtain the finished dry form of preparation, the contact drying method is recommended. The parameter of preservation of the viability of RB cells was used as the main controlled parameter at all technological stages of production. To obtain the finished commodity form of the microbial preparation, it is proposed to use a complex sorbent as a filler in the standardization of the finished product, the moisture sorbent in contact drying, and the carrier for immobilization of bacterial cells. To promote the technology of biopreparations in practice, a pilot experimental industrial production and technological scheme of production were elaborated.