Formulation of a modern anti-human breast cancer drug from silver nanoparticles green-synthesized using Allium saralicum

Abstract

Nanotechnology has immense potential for the development of novel and necessary products that benefit human health, the environment, and industries. Silver nanoparticles and their nanocomposites have gained tremendous importance in the field of nanotechnology owing to their widespread usage in various realms of science and technology, including electronics, biomedical, environmental protection, textile industry, cosmetics, therapeutics, photonics, agriculture, and so on. As the characteristic properties of silver nanostructures, like excellent SERS/SPR, surface properties, diversity in shape, surface charge, dissolution rate, controlled silver ion release for mediating the antimicrobial toxicity and cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, and efficient biocompatibility, which render them to be potential antimicrobial, anticancer and diagnostic agents. Recently, Allium saralicum extract has been used for green-synthesizing the silver nanoparticles and investigation of its biomedical effects. In the present research, we formulated a modern chemotherapeutic drug by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) containing Allium saralicum‎ aqueous extract for the treatment of breast cancer. Characterization of AgNPs was done by UV-Vis, FT‐IR, TEM, and FE‐SEM. The bands at 488 and 539 cm−1 (belonging to the Ag-O bond) approves the production of silver nanoparticles. The spherical morphology with a range size of 13.9–55.2 nm is obtained for synthesized nanoparticles. The band at 434 nm approves the AgNPs formation. To survey the cytotoxicity and anti-human breast cancer effects of AgNO3, Allium saralicum‎, and AgNPs, MTT assay was used on the SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231, AU565 [AU-565], and Hs 281. T cell lines. Silver nanoparticles had very low cell viability and anticancer properties dose-dependently against cancer cell lines without any cytotoxicity on the normal cell line. The best result of anticancer properties of AgNPs against the above cell lines was seen in the case of the MDA-MB-231 cell line. The IC50 of nanoparticles were 208, 250, 200, and 188 µg/ml against SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231, AU565 [AU-565], and Hs 281. T cell lines, ‎respectively. ‎