Abstract
A well-defined resin system is needed to serve as a benchmark for 3D printing of high-performance composites. This work describes the design and characterization of such a system that takes into account processability and performance considerations. The Grunberg–Nissan model for resin viscosity and the Fox equation for polymer Tg were used to determine proper monomer ratios. The target viscosity of the resin was below 500 cP, and the target final Tg of the cured polymer was 150 °C based on tan-δ peak from dynamic mechanical analysis. A tri-component model resin system, termed DA-2 resin, was determined and fully characterized. The printed polymer exhibited good thermal properties and high mechanical strength after post-cure, but has a comparatively low fracture toughness. The model resin will be used in additive manufacturing of fiber reinforced composite materials as well as for understanding the fundamental processing–property relationships in light-based 3D printing.
Highlights
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an additive manufacturing process in which successive layers of material are patterned and combined to form 3D shapes. 3D printing technologies are currently experiencing financial growth and are being increasingly adopted across industries
The DA-2 formulation was developed as a model resin system for high performance 3D printing formulation was developed as a model resin system for high performance 3D printing applications
The clear resin has a large depth of penetration monomer ratios to give optimal material properties
Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an additive manufacturing process in which successive layers of material are patterned and combined to form 3D shapes. 3D printing technologies are currently experiencing financial growth and are being increasingly adopted across industries. 3D printing technologies are currently experiencing financial growth and are being increasingly adopted across industries Factors driving this market growth are aggressive research and development and the growing demand for prototyping applications from industries such as healthcare, automotive, defense, and aerospace [1]. For 3D patterning polymeric materials, extrusion or melt type techniques, such as fused deposition modelling and selective laser sintering, are common methods for the fabrication of thermoplastic parts. These techniques have the drawback of comparatively low resolution, weak layer adhesion, and slow processing. Examples of technologies include stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) [4,5,6]. In DLP, all given portions of a layer are simultaneously photocured, significantly reducing
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