Abstract
Exposure to intense and prolonged solar ultraviolet rays can cause erythema, premature aging, and skin cancer. The prevention of ultraviolet rays can be done by using sunscreen. Red Pidada leaves (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) have sunscreen properties. The purpose of this study was to preformulate red Pidada leaves into sunscreen cream preparations with the best activity as a cosmetic product prototype. This research will be started with the preparation of the red Pidada leaf ethanol extract formulated into a cream preparation with the extract concentration of Formula 1 (8%), Formula 2 (15%), and Formula 3 (20%). Evaluation of cream preparations includes organoleptic test, pH test, homogeneity test, dispersion test, adhesion test, viscosity test, and sunscreen effectiveness test. Data analysis used the One Way ANOVA test. The results of the physical quality test of cream showed that Formula 1 (8%) and Formula 2 (15%) met the requirements of the organoleptic test, homogeneity test, and adhesion test but did not meet the pH test, viscosity test, and spread ability test. Formula 3 (20%) fulfils the organoleptic test requirements and adhesion test requirements but does not meet the homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, and spread ability test. The sunscreen effectiveness test in formula 1 has the lowest Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of 1.5 (without protection), formula 2 has an SPF value of 2.9 (minimum protection), and formula 3 has the highest SPF value of 7.4 (protection extra). Analysis of bioactive compounds in red Pidada ethanol extracts using LC-HRMS. There were 6 active compounds. Diisobutylphtalat, luteolin, apigethrin, vitexin, choline and bethain. Formula 3 performs better as a sunscreen than Formulas 1 and 2.
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