Formulation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Lab-Based Aloe adigratana Reynolds Shampoos.

Desta Berhe Sbhatu,Abadi Gebreyesus Hndeya,Goitom Gebreyohannes Berhe,Haftay Abadi Gebru,Micheale Yifter Weldemichael,Asmael Abdu,Haftom Baraki Abraha,Afework Mulugeta,Hailekiros Tadesse Tekle,Haileselassie Gebremeskel Kidanemariam,Molla Gereme Taye

doi:10.1155/2020/6290617

Desta Berhe Sbhatu, Abadi Gebreyesus Hndeya + Show 9 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6290617

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Abstract

Aloe L. species (Aloaceae) are ethnobotanically very valuable plants in many communities and civilizations. Nonetheless, very few species are extensively studied to explore their applications in the pharmaceutical and medical, cosmetic and personal care, food and beverage, and detergent industries. This study evaluated the characteristics and quality of lab-based shampoos formulated from the gel of Aloe adigratana Reynolds. Five shampoo formulations, 20 mL each, were prepared from A. adigratana gel in combination with one to two drops of coconut oil, jojoba oil, olive oil, pure glycerin oil, lemon juice, and vitamin E. Gel mass is prepared from mature, healthy leaves collected from the natural stand. The phytochemistry of the gel of the plant was also studied using phytochemical screening, proximate composition, and GC-MS analysis studies. Shampoo formulations with higher proportion (40 to 50% v/v) of A. adigratana gel were found to have comparable characteristics and qualities with a marketed shampoo. They fall within the range of acceptable quality parameters of commercial shampoos. The phytochemical studies of A. adigratana gel showed that the plant is the source of highly valued compounds for the preparation of shampoos. The gel was found to be rich in saponins as well as dodecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and phytol. Future works should focus in the development of refined protocol towards formulating A. adigratana-based shampoos.

Highlights

Aloe L. (Aloaceae) species are regarded as lilies of the desert, plants of immortality, and medicine plants [1]. ey are native to Africa, the Mediterranean region of Southern Europe, South and Central America, Rio Grande Valley of South Texas, Florida, Southern California, Mexico, Pacific Rim countries, India, Caribbean, Arabian Peninsula, and Australia [2, 3]
Nine of the 50 Ethiopian and Eritrean aloes grow in the Tigray floristic region, namely, A. adigratana Reynolds, A. camperi Schweinfurth, A. elegans Todaro, A. macrocarpa Todaro, A. monticola Reynolds, A. percrassa Todaro, A. sinana Reynolds, A. steudneri Schweinfurth, and A. trichosantha subsp. trichosantha. e most abundantly growing aloes in the Tigray floristic region are A. adigratana and A. elegans where the former belongs to the Tigray floristic region only
Gross Phytochemistry of Gel Extracts. e A. adigratana gel powder was extracted by 100% methanol using the continuous hot percolation method in a Soxhlet apparatus for 18 hours. e extract was concentrated in a rotary evaporator to yield a brown liquid. e extract was kept at 4°C in a deep freezer. en, samples of the extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening using standard tests for alkaloids (Wagner test), anthraquinones (Borntrager’s test), flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids (Salkowski test) [23,24,25,26,27]

Summary

Introduction

Aloe L. (Aloaceae) species are regarded as lilies of the desert, plants of immortality, and medicine plants [1]. ey are native to Africa, the Mediterranean region of Southern Europe, South and Central America, Rio Grande Valley of South Texas, Florida, Southern California, Mexico, Pacific Rim countries, India, Caribbean, Arabian Peninsula, and Australia [2, 3]. All species of Aloe exhibit high-degree endemism and many of them are restricted to a very small area. Over three-quarter of the Ethiopian aloes are endemic and restricted to few floristic regions and limited habitats [8]. Nine of the 50 Ethiopian and Eritrean aloes grow in the Tigray floristic region, namely, A. adigratana Reynolds, A. camperi Schweinfurth, A. elegans Todaro, A. macrocarpa Todaro, A. monticola Reynolds, A. percrassa Todaro, A. sinana Reynolds, A. steudneri Schweinfurth, and A. trichosantha subsp. E most abundantly growing aloes in the Tigray floristic region are A. adigratana and A. elegans where the former belongs to the Tigray floristic region only. Its main flowering period is from January to April. It has one (if erect) to two (if decumbent) meters long stem [5]

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