Abstract
Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate Microemulsion containing seed oil. Neem seed (Azadirachtaindica) oil was extracted from its seeds by the soxhlet apparatus. Acetone is used as a solvent. PEG 400 and Carbopol 940p was select as surfactant, co-surfactant and hydrogel thickening agent. Microemulsions were characterized for pH, viscosity, spreadability, in vitro drug transport study and in vivo antibacterial activity and shows satisfactory results. Antibacterial activity of formulation against E. coli Shows at a concentration of 3%. The neem seed oil microemulsion has the potential for antibacterial activity.
 Methods: A ratio of surfactant and cosurfactant i.e, S/CoSchoosen and corresponding mixture was made. The mixture was mixed with oil. Each mixture was mixed thoroughly using magnetic stirrer until homogenous dispersion/solution was obtained. Double distilled water was used in this formulations as to prevent the incorporation of surface active impurities. The mixture was titrated with water and ambient temperature with constant stirring at the endpoint where the mixture become clouded, the quantity of aquous phase added. The percentage of three different pseudo-phases incorporated were calculated. 
 Results: Solubility studies in various solvents reveals that the oil is insoluble in distilled water and ethanol. Soluble in methanol.
 Conclusion: It was observed that the microemulsion having multilamellar nature. Batches with carbopol shows better homogenous distribution. The stability of microemulsion prepared with carbopol 71 was gretter than with xanthan gum. The in vitro study of microemulsion was performed and Batch (F7) is optimized batch which shows highest drug release.
Highlights
Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable isotropically clear dispersion of two immiscible liquids, like oil and water, stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactant molecules, with a size range of 5-200 nm and have very low interfacial tension [1]
It was observed that the microemulsion having multilamellar nature
The stability of microemulsion prepared with carbopol 71 was gretter than with xanthan gum
Summary
Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable isotropically clear dispersion of two immiscible liquids, like oil and water, stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactant molecules, with a size range of 5-200 nm and have very low interfacial tension [1]. Microemulsions could be an alternative carrier in topical drug delivery and as it has high Solubilization capability and nanometer size, it is believed that microemulsion will be a better candidate in delivering drug topically. They are composed of surfactant, water, and oil having cosurfactants provide better therapeutic action when compared to the traditional cream and lotions [2]. It is a topical delivery in skin, which makes the drug delivery difficult This factor is consideration of preparation of microemulsions which have low skin irritation, high drug loading capacity, It reduce the diffusion barrier of corneum by dissolving the lipids in the Stratum corneum and enhancing the permeation of drug [3]. Neem oil is used to control various skin infections [5]
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