Abstract
Objective: Present study was carried to formulate and evaluate the transdermal ointment containing the metformin HCl active ingredient and to assess their Physicochemical studies.
 Methods: Metformin HCl ointment was prepared with various thymol oil concentrations. Ointments were assessed with different characterizations; Physical appearance, viscosity, pH, drug content, Consistency, homogeneity, consistency. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis, XRD studies. It was used in vitro via using Franz cells along with the use of two membranes i.e. Nylon and cellulose membrane.
 Results: SEM and XRD studies showed that there were no physical and chemical interactions between excipients and drug. All the formulations showed good physicochemical characteristics. The formulation showed different releases. It was observed that nylon had better release properties as compared to cellulose.
 Conclusion: In the study conducted here, it was observed that Nylon membrane showed better discriminating power to compare among the formulation. This indicates that it has gotten prime importance to watch the effect of the membrane upon the release pattern of the various formulations. In order to improve the formulation, we can use in vitro diffusion cell experiments of transdermal drug delivery.
Highlights
Metformin was discovered in 1922 (Fischer, Ganellin et al 2010) [1]
Metformin HCl was received from Global Pharmaceuticals (Pvt) Ltd, White Petrolatum (Quetta, Local market), Methyl paraben and Propyl paraben (BDH labs, England) Cetostearyl Alcohol (BDH Labs, England), wool fat, Liquid Paraffin (Quetta) Polyoxyethylene (80) Sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) (Merck, Germany), and De-ionized water (Medilines Diagnostic division) the Nylon membrane filter hydrophobic with 0.22 μm, 125-μm thickness along with a diameter of 25-mm and ester membrane mixed with cellulose filter with properties such as that it is hydrophilic and 0.025 μm with 180-μm thickness with 25-mm diameter Millipore Corp provided
Characterization of metformin based on its pH, spreadability, homogeneity, consistency, viscosity and drug content of metformin formulations being characterized in table 1
Summary
Metformin was discovered in 1922 (Fischer, Ganellin et al 2010) [1]. Metformin is primarily used for type 2 diabetes, predominantly anti-diabetic, has been shown by playing an important role in a number of skin pathologies. Due to its role in improving erythropoiesis, it has been shown to be helpful to treat the hormonal acne, hidradenitis supportive (HS) and acanthosis nigricans. There has been sharp increase in the prevalence of DM in developed nation, most importantly due to obesity and lifestyle changes. World wide prevalence of diabetes for all groups of ages estimated in 2000 (2.8%) in future 2030 it would be (4.4%) Centers for sickness control and cure predicts that diabetes will go up by the year 2025, (37.5%) [3]
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