Formulation and Evaluation of Chloramphenicole Opthalmic Hydrogel with Carbomer And Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose Combination Bases

Abstract

The preparation of an eye medication is one of the most interesting and challenging for a pharmaceutical, because the typical and unique eye anatomy and physiology cause the difficulty of effective drug concentration to reach the target site. From some recent research has been developed an ophthalmic hydrogel dosage, which is an eye gel preparation that provides many advantages over the preparation of the eye ointment and may increase corneal permeability and can extend contact time with eyes, optimal drug concentration at the receptor so that it can be obtained good bioavailability. Ophthalmic hydrogel has been developed to discover the formula contained chloramphenicol 0.5% as active ingredients with the combination of gel hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, and carbomer of (0:1, 1:0, 2:1, 4:1) as the base. Formula was made by several stages which were mixing with the active ingredient, and sterilization using autoclave at 121ºC for 15 minutes. Results which covered organoleptic evaluation, pH. viscosity, and the levels of the active substance showed that F4 was the best formula. F4 had a watery consistency, clear and odorless, pH of 7.49, viscosity of 55 cP, and the levels of the active substance at 100%. Test observations ophthalmic hydrogel for 28 days of storage showed no changes in the organoleptic. pH and viscosity changes occured, but still within the range of requirements, but levels of the active substance was decreased around 52.82% -53.66%. The antibacterial activity of preparations ophthalmic gel showed that it was effective against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Ophthalmic hydrogel formulas on the basis of carbomer combinations and HPMC were successfully made and the best formula was F4, which was a formula with a ratio of 1: 4.