Formulation and characterization of dexmedetomidine HCL liposomes in gel for intraarticular administration

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a musculoskeletal disorders that distresses joints and cartilage and may lead to bone degeneration. Intraarticular administration of the drug directly in joints causes relief but is limited by the half – life of the administered drug. The objective of the present investigation therefore was to prepare Dexmedetomidine HCl containing liposomes which were then loaded in xanthan gum gel for intraarticular administration to prolong the duration of drug release. Liposome formulations were prepared by using various ratio of 1,2-Dierucoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-rac-glycerol and cholesterol using thin film hydration method in a Rota evaporator. The liposomes were evaluated for size distribution, surface charge potential, entrapment efficiency for establishing the levels of formulation components and process parameters. Scanning electron micrographs of the liposomes indicated the spherical topography of the prepared liposomes. The liposomes were then loaded in gel formulated using xanthan gum as the gelling agents. Viscosity and gel strength of the formulation was evaluated by rheometer. In Vitro Dissolution in simulated synovial fluid media indicated that the liposomes in gel could prolong the drug release for a period of 7 days.