Abstract
Abstract Titanium and its alloys take attention, especially in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical applications because of their strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Titanium components, in general, are produced by sheet metal forming. However, the springback effect is a critical problem in the forming process due to difficult formability of titanium sheets. In the present study, the hot forming process was applied to sheets to investigate the effect of deformation temperature on microstructure, mechanical properties, and springback behavior of commercially pure grade 2 titanium sheets. The springback angles were measured at the CAD model after the sheets were scanned by the 3D scanner. The tensile test, hardness measurements, and microstructural analysis were examined by using specimens that were cut from the sidewall and the bottom of the deformed sheet as U-profile. The results reveal that the microstructure is substantially changed, and the springback is reduced with increasing temperature; thus, optimum results were obtained compared to the data obtained at room temperature.
Highlights
The development of titanium alloys was started with aerospace applications because of the requirement of higher strength-to-weight ratios, stable mechanical properties at high temperatures, low density, and high corrosion resistance [1]
The hot forming process was applied to sheets to investigate the effect of deformation temperature on microstructure, mechanical properties, and springback behavior of commercially pure grade 2 (CP2) titanium sheets
The results reveal that the microstructure is substantially changed, and springback is reduced with increasing temperature, and optimum results were obtained compared to the data obtained at room temperature
Summary
The development of titanium alloys was started with aerospace applications because of the requirement of higher strength-to-weight ratios, stable mechanical properties at high temperatures, low density, and high corrosion resistance [1]. Li et al [17] studied the springback behavior of high-strength titanium bent tubes and developed explicit/implicit 3D finite element models to correlate the springback with material properties and the geometrical dimensions. Another model was developed by Badr et al [18]. Gheysarian and Abbasi [20] applied solution treatment, annealing, and aging to Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets They studied the effect of aging on springback behavior and formability of Ti-6Al-4V. Vickers hardness test, and microstructural analysis were carried out using specimens cut from the sidewall and bottom of the U-shaped profile to examine the effect of formability
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