FORMATION REGULARITY OF UNDERGROUND WATERS OF EASTERN ABSHERON

Abstract

Eastern Absheron is characterized by oval-shaped elevations, hills, ravines and depressions, saline areas, flat hills, undulating landforms. The influence of the Caspian Sea and the Kura-Araks plain on the formation of the climate of the research area is very important. The geomorphological and geological structure of the area has a particularly main role in the formation of hydrogeological conditions. From the hydrogeological point of view, eastern Absheron is divided into 5 hydrogeological regions: 1. North-east (Mashtaga, Nardaran, Mardakan, Bilgah, Buzovna and Shuvalan areas); 2. South (Bina-Hovsan trough); 3. South-east (Zira trough); 4. Gala uplift; 5. Pirallahi Island. The hydrogeological conditions of the area - the hydrogeological conditions of the Eastern Absheron Peninsula were formed by the influence of artificial-farming and natural-geological factors. First of all, geological-geomorphological conditions, climate and tectonic structure of the area are among the constantly influencing factors. Second, the factors that determine the hydrogeological conditions in time and space include irrigation, construction and operation of underground and surface engineering facilities for various purposes, extraction of underground water, disposal of large volumes of technical and technological water from industrial facilities, oil refining and sewage systems. These mentioned factors influence in different areas of the territory in a connected manner and with different intensity, as well as separately, forming very complex and dynamic hydrogeological conditions. As a result of the conducted research, taking into account the very complex characteristics of the formation, dynamics and discharge of the underground (soil and pressure) waters of Eastern Absheron, the hydrogeological conditions of the Quaternary sediments (Khvalin, Khazar, Baku and Gusar, Absheron) were precisely investigated and it was precisely in the water supply of these sediments and the great importance of soil irrigation has been taken into account. Keywords: underground water basin, water bearing horizon, sediments, rocks, flow direction, consumption.