Abstract
We describe the formation of charge- and spin-density patterns induced by spin-selective photoexcitations of interacting fermionic systems in the presence of a microstructure. As an example, we consider a one-dimensional Hubbard-like system with a periodic magnetic microstructure, which has a uniform charge distribution in its ground state, and in which a long-lived charge-density pattern is induced by the spin-selective photoexcitation. Using tensor-network methods, we study the full quantum dynamics in the presence of electron-electron interactions and identify doublons as the main decay channel for the induced charge pattern. Our setup is compared to the OISTR mechanism, in which ultrafast optically induced spin transfer in Heusler and magnetic compounds is associated to the difference of the local density of states of the different elements in the alloys. We find that applying a spin-selective excitation there induces spatially periodic patterns in local observables. Implications for pump-probe experiments on correlated materials and experiments with ultracold gases on optical lattices are discussed.
Highlights
The emergence of order in nonequilibrium quantum systems has inspired a lot of experimental and theoretical research
In the optically induced spin transfer (OISTR) setup, the sitedependent difference of the local densities of states (DOSs) of the minority and majority spins in equilibrium is found to be the reason for ultrafast transfer of magnetic moments
We propose that in these setups when applying a spin-selective excitation in addition the formation of stable spatial patterns will be obtained
Summary
The emergence of order in nonequilibrium quantum systems has inspired a lot of experimental and theoretical research. Examples are the recent observation of so-called time-crystal phases in Floquet-driven systems [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10], as well as the experimental finding of metastable, ordered states following a photoexcitation using ultrashort laser pulses in pump-probe setups [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32] In these experiments, the possible observation of transient superconducting states at elevated temperatures [22,23] or the transformation of charge-density wave (CDW) states has been reported [25,26,27,29,30,33]. The Appendices show detailed calculations for an idealized kick excitation (Appendix A), a mean-field decoupling of the Hubbard-type model at low fillings (Appendix B), and the definition of the k modes in the presence of open-boundary conditions (OBC) (Appendix C)
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