Abstract
In this experiment, silicon/carbon (Si/C) core‐shell nanowires (NWs) were synthesized using gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) coated carbon nitride nanorods (CN NRs) as a template. To begin with, the Au NPs coated CN NRs were prepared by using plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition assisted with hot‐wire evaporation technique. Fourier transform infrared spectrum confirms the C–N bonding of the CN NRs, while X‐ray diffraction pattern indicates the crystalline structure of the Au NPs and amorphous structure of the CN NRs. The Au NPs coated CN NRs were thermally annealed at temperature of 800°C in nitrogen ambient for one hour to induce the growth of Si/C core‐shell NWs. The growth mechanism for the Si/C core‐shell NWs is related to the nitrogen evolution and solid‐liquid‐solid growth process which is a result of the thermal annealing. The formation of Si/C core‐shell NWs is confirmed by electron spectroscopic imaging analysis.
Highlights
Researches about silicon nanowires (Si NWs) have recently attracted much interest because of their novel physical properties that are suitable for many applications such as in solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectric devices, and biological sensors [1,2,3,4]
We report a synthesis of Si/C core-shell NWs by using carbon nitride nanorods (CN NRs) template coated with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs)
Whereas Au NPs with size varying from 40–120 nm can be seen from the plane view Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image (Figure 2(b) as-grown)
Summary
Researches about silicon nanowires (Si NWs) have recently attracted much interest because of their novel physical properties that are suitable for many applications such as in solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectric devices, and biological sensors [1,2,3,4]. In order to avoid this, surface passivation of the NWs by more stable materials are necessary. One of these is carbon (C) which serves as a promising candidate for protective shells due to its high chemical stability and superior physical properties [10]. We report a synthesis of Si/C core-shell NWs by using carbon nitride nanorods (CN NRs) template coated with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). The as-grown Au NPs coated CN NRs sample was annealed at a temperature of 800∘C to form the Si/C core-shell NWs. 800∘C is selected as a preferred annealing temperature (Ta) because the nucleation of NWs at the Au/Si interface begins at this temperature [14]. The effects of Ta on the structural and morphological changes in the sample were analyzed
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