Abstract
Thermotropic and lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases were produced from three newly synthesized cellulose derivatives, namely the phenylacetate and 3-phenylpropionate of O-(hydroxypropyl)cellulose, and the (3-chlorophenyl)-urethane of cellulose. The liquid-crystalline phases were characterized with regard to the shape of the molecular chains, helicoidal cholesteric structure (pitch and order parameter), refractive indices, optical behaviour, and textures in the polarizing microscope. The cellulosic-chain direction in thermotropic liquid crystals having banded textures was shown to lie perpendicular to the bands, and a positive birefringence was demonstrated for a cholesteric liquid-crystalline phase.
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