Abstract
As a wonderful gift of nature, several hot water springs occur in Sri Lanka, though it is not situated within a very active tectonic zone of the earth. The present research was conducted to model the formation of hot water springs in Sri Lanka based on geological and tectonic settings by using geological, geophysical and remote sensing techniques. It is found that the major boundary between Highland Complex and Vijayan Complex show multiple thrust planes and shear zones showing imbrecated lithological slices of both Highland Complex and Vijayan Complex. Other than the ductile structures, brittle fractures, joints and fault planes extend as mega lineament for several kilometers. These lineaments produce good secondary aquifer conditions with adequate porosity. The surface mapping and geophysical evidence of the lineaments show that they are very deep and interconnected. Thus it is proposed that structurally controlled hot water springs in Sri Lanka are associated with deep geologically weak zones of fracture or fault systems within the thrust boundary which shows some neo-tectonic activities.
Highlights
Several hot water springs are located mostly in the eastern part of Sri Lanka
The present study reveals that hot water springs in Sri Lanka are mostly related to HC-VC boundary zone, and deep-seated megalineament present in the areas
Neo-tectonic activities along multiple thrust boundary between HC and VC are the reasons for formation of hot water springs in Sri Lanka
Summary
Several hot water springs are located mostly in the eastern part of Sri Lanka. The formation of hot water springs in Sri Lanka is an interesting phenomenon to investigate based on the geological setting of the area. Hot water springs at Mahapelassa off Embilipitiya, Kanniyai off Trincomalee and Mahaoya are well known to people. He wasformerly the Vice Chancellor of the Open University of Sri Lanka, and the Vice Chancellor of the University of Moratuwa He is aformer President of the Institution of Engineers. CEng. MIEISL): is a Senior Lecturer In the Department of CMl Engineering, and currently the Head of the Department of Earth Resources Engineering, University ofMomniwn. The future use of geothermal energy in Sri Lanka can vary from power generation to industrial, agricultural and domestic uses and the tourist industry (Fonseka, 1994)
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More From: Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka
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