Abstract
Zero-valence copper sols are prepared at 20°C via the chemical reduction of Cu(II) ions in aqueous solutions of high-molecular-mass cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes [(poly(1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridium methyl sulfate) and poly(sodium styrenesulfonate), respectively]. In both sols, metal nanoparticles are characterized by narrow size distribution, indicating the pseudomatrix mechanism of their formation; however, the diameter of spherical copper particles formed in the polycation solution (3–14 nm) is much smaller than that of particles formed in the solution of polyanion (10–30 nm). Causes of different sizes of metal nano-particles formed in solutions of polyelectrolytes with different chain charges are discussed in terms of the pseudomatrix mechanism of new phase synthesis in polymer solutions and classical electrocapillary theory.
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