Abstract
Despite the fundamental importance of cathode spots for the breakdown process and the formation of a discharge, the complicated processes, the structure of the cathode spot and the source for the high current density were not fully understood. Experiments show that cathode spots are formed by unipolar arcing. The localized build-up of plasma above an electron emitting spot naturally leads to a pressure gradient and electric field distribution which causes unipolar arcing. The high current density of an arc provides explosive plasma formation of a cathode spot.
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