Abstract
Development of black scurf on potato tubers (cv. Nicola) was compared in plants inoculated with isolates of Rhizoctonia solani of three anastomosis groups (AG2-1, AG3 and AG5) which occur in potato crops in Finland. All isolates induced stem canker lesions but only isolates of AG3 formed efficiently black scurf on progeny tubers. Among the AG2-1 and AG5 isolates tested, only one AG2-1 isolate formed a few sclerotia on 13.5 % of the progeny tubers in one experiment. The data indicate that isolates of AG3 differ from those of AG2-1 and AG5 in having a higher ability to form sclerotia on tubers. Therefore, while AG2-1 and AG5 isolates have a broader host range, AG3 is more efficient in producing black scurf, which provides this anastomosis group with more efficient means of dissemination on seed potatoes. These differences probably explain the predominance of AG3 (98.9 % of isolates) in potato crops in Finland and other northern potato production areas.;
Highlights
Infection with Rhizoctonia solani Kühn [teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk]causes a severe disease complex on potato
The aim of this study was to test under controlled conditions whether the isolates of R. solani obtained from potato plants in Finland and belonging to AG2-1, AG3 and AG5 might differ in their ability to produce black scurf on potato tubers
R11 were obtained from potato stem canker lesions in Hankasalmi and Lammi, respectively, whereas the AG3 isolate R98 was obtained from a teleomorph stage on potato stem in Pyhäjoki
Summary
Infection with Rhizoctonia solani Kühn [teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk]causes a severe disease complex on potato. Brown and sunken lesions develop on the sprouts, underground parts of the stem and the stolons (Dana 1925, Glendenning 1965, Baker 1970). These symptoms are collectively called stem and stolon canker. Lehtonen M.J. et al Black scurf formation by R. solani lowing emergence and infection-induced defence (Lehtonen et al 2008b), the underground part, the underground part of the stem becomes more resistant (van Emden 1965) and symptom development ceases, whereas the damage on stolons continues (Glendenning 1965, Hide and Cayley 1982). At the end of the growing season during tuber maturation, dark hyphal clumps (sclerotia) called black scurf forms on the surface of the progeny tubers
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