Abstract
Tsunami forces on critical coastal structures were reanalyzed by combining laboratory experiments and numerical tsunami simulation, focusing on the formation of breaking bores and their large force to structures. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that nearshore tsunami is likely to form a breaking bore when the slope of the incident tsunami front is steep and the nearshore bed slope is mild. The impulsive pressure to coastal structures was found to increase with the steepness of the tsunami front. Based on these results, together with numerical simulation of tsunami, the formation of bores was discussed in relation to coastal cliff topography in Fukushima Prefecture.
Highlights
Tsunami forces on critical coastal structures were reanalyzed by combining laboratory experiments and numerical tsunami simulation, focusing on the formation of breaking bores and their large force to structures
Tsunami force exerted to coastal structure must be dependent on the type of structure as well as on the properties of incident tsunami as many studies reported large force generated by breaking bores (e.g. Sato and Ohkuma, 2014)
In Fukushima Prefecture, tsunami videos taken at Naraha located in the central part of Fukushima showed that the incident tsunami formed a breaking bore before impacting on coastal structures leading to catastrophic damage to coastal communities
Summary
Tsunami forces on critical coastal structures were reanalyzed by combining laboratory experiments and numerical tsunami simulation, focusing on the formation of breaking bores and their large force to structures. Laboratory experiments were conducted to understand the formation mechanism of the breaking bores and their large pressure to coastal structures.
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