Abstract
Awns play a significant role in the plant physiology and are a well-known morphological marker in wheat. Awnedness in wheat is regulated by three inhibitors – Hd, B1, and B2, but awn promoters are still largely unknown. The present study is aimed at analysis of the expression level of awn development regulatory genes orthologs, TaDL, TaTOB1, TaETT2, and TaKNOX3, in Triticum aestivum, genome substitution amphidiploids AABBSshSsh and AABBUU, and derived lines with introgressions from Aegilops sharonensis and Ae. umbellulata.Expression of four mentioned genes was detected in the lemma of all strains studied, and the role of these genes in awn development was assumed. In awned introgression lines, expression of all studied genes differed from mid-parent value: it was present in parent genotypes and absent in derived lines. Non-additive expression of four studied genes in introgression lines is considered to be the possible reason that caused development of nonparental awned phenotype. The presence of two products resulting from TaTOB1 cDNA amplification, one of which contained fourth intron and another lacking it, is considered to be the result of two mRNA presence due to different TaTOB1 homoeoalleles expression.
Highlights
Awns play a significant role in the plant physiology and are a well-known morphological marker in wheat
In this study we show that expression of four wheat genes, Wknox1a (TaKNOX3), TaTOB1, TaETT2, and TaDL takes place in the lemma of bread wheat, where they can regulate awn development to the known rice and barley orthologs
We show that in the introgression lines (ILs) obtained from crossing amphidiploids with a bread wheat cultivar, expression of the studied genes does not occur in the lemma of the plants which have the novel awned phenotype but is observed in the plants with parental phenotypes, which indicates the role of the studied genes in the emergence of a novel phenotype
Summary
Awns play a significant role in the plant physiology and are a well-known morphological marker in wheat. The aim of our investigation was to ascertain the available or absence of difference in expression of genes that are related to awn development in introgression wheat lines compared to the components of initial crosses, Aurora cultivar and genome substitution amphidiploids. In this study we show that expression of four wheat genes, Wknox1a (TaKNOX3), TaTOB1, TaETT2, and TaDL takes place in the lemma of bread wheat, where they can regulate awn development to the known rice and barley orthologs. Expression of these genes was detected in two amphidiploids, Aurosis (AABBSshSsh) and Aurolata (AABBUU). We show that TaTOB1 produces two transcripts, one of which contains intron and the other is intronless, which may result from the expression of different TaTOB1 homoeoalleles
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