Abstract

The starting compositions of Bi 1.7 Pb 0.4 Sr 2− x Ca 2+ x Cu 3.6 O y ( x ⩾0) have been studied to illustrate the formation mechanism of 110 K superconducting phase. It was proposed that a reactive liquid-phase-aided sintering process is responsible for the promotion of 110 K phase in the Pb-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system. The Ca-rich stoichiometry containing more Ca 2 PbO 4 in calcined powder would result in more reactive liquid phase during the sintering period. The acceleration of the formation of 110 K phase and large grain growth were observed. A nearly monophasic 110 K superconducting phase can be easily obtained within 20 h when appropriate stoichiometry and sintering conditions were met.

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