Abstract
This study presents a novel method for accelerating the granulation of methanogenic anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor using solid-phase humin (HM). The results demonstrated that HM-mediated AnGS (HM-AnGS) formed rapidly within 50 days. The increase in particle size, settling velocity and mechanical strength was attributed to the rapid granulation of the HM-AnGS. The maximum methane yield of the HM-AnGS was 5-fold higher than that of the control group. This is consistent with the findings, which showed that HM-AnGS had 3.2–3.4 times more methyl-coenzyme M reductase (Mcr) activity and 2.4–2.9 times more adenosine triphosphate (ATP) than control groups. Molecular analyses indicate that HM most likely accelerated interspecies electron transfer (IET) in HM-AnGS (e.g., from Enterococcus to Methanosaeta). Furthermore, the HM-AnGS was effective in recovering energy from actual slaughterhouse wastewater.
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