Abstract
The nanocrystalline tantalum‐ceramic composites were made using mechanical alloying followed by pulse plasma sintering (PPS). The tantalum acts as a matrix, to which the ceramic reinforced phase in the concentration of 5, 10, 20, and 40 wt.% was introduced. Oxides (Y2O3 and ZrO2) and carbides (TaC) were used as the ceramic phase. The mechanical alloying results in the formation of nanocrystalline grains. The subsequent hot pressing in the mode of PPS results in the consolidation of powders and formation of bulk nanocomposites. All the bulk composites have the average grain size from 40 nm to 100 nm, whereas, for comparison, the bulk nanocrystalline pure tantalum has the average grain size of approximately 170 nm. The ceramic phase refines the grain size in the Ta nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were studied using the nanoindentation tests. The nanocomposites exhibit uniform load‐displacement curves indicating good integrity and homogeneity of the samples. Out of the investigated components, the Ta‐10 wt.% TaC one has the highest hardness and a very high Young’s modulus (1398 HV and 336 GPa, resp.). For the Ta‐oxide composites, Ta‐20 wt.% Y2O3 has the highest mechanical properties (1165 HV hardness and 231 GPa Young’s modulus).
Highlights
Refractory materials of the melting point higher than 3000°C are the most desired in design and manufacturing of heavy load-bearing components where resistance to high temperature and wear plays a crucial role
The high brittleness of ceramics can be limited by the addition of a metallic phase and vice versa, and the addition of ceramic phase into the metallic matrix leads to the improvement of the hardness and wear resistance of refractory metals
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering example, for the consolidation of nanomaterials, the hot pressing working in the heating mode of the spark plasma sintering (SPS) or pulse plasma sintering (PPS) gives the best results [10, 11]
Summary
E nanocrystalline tantalum-ceramic composites were made using mechanical alloying followed by pulse plasma sintering (PPS). e tantalum acts as a matrix, to which the ceramic reinforced phase in the concentration of 5, 10, 20, and 40 wt.% was introduced. E nanocrystalline tantalum-ceramic composites were made using mechanical alloying followed by pulse plasma sintering (PPS). E tantalum acts as a matrix, to which the ceramic reinforced phase in the concentration of 5, 10, 20, and 40 wt.% was introduced. Oxides (Y2O3 and ZrO2) and carbides (TaC) were used as the ceramic phase. E mechanical alloying results in the formation of nanocrystalline grains. E subsequent hot pressing in the mode of PPS results in the consolidation of powders and formation of bulk nanocomposites. E ceramic phase refines the grain size in the Ta nanocomposites. Out of the investigated components, the Ta-10 wt.% TaC one has the highest hardness and a very high Young’s modulus (1398 HV and 336 GPa, resp.). For the Ta-oxide composites, Ta-20 wt.% Y2O3 has the highest mechanical properties (1165 HV hardness and 231 GPa Young’s modulus)
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