Formation and Change of Jupiter's Magnetic Field

Abstract

The existing theory of planetary magnetic field holds that Jupiter has an internal magnetic field similar to the geomagnetic field, it is formed by the agitation of liquid metal hydrogen. But this hypothesis fails to explain many strange properties of Jupiter's magnetic field, especially that Jupiter's magnetic field is changing over time, which was discovered by NASA’s Juno spacecraft. Hence, the hypothesis that Jupiter's magnetic field is internal magnetic field is incredible. Thus, the author analyzed the formation and evolution of Jupiter as well as its internal structure and external environment again, and has found the formation and change of Jupiter’s magnetic field：During Jupiter's rapid rotation, a series of strong polar vortices are produced at the poles of Jupiter. These vortices contain a series of strong spiral currents, which can form a series of strong dipole magnetic fields. The superposition of these dipole magnetic fields form the original magnetic field of Jupiter. Since Jupiter has many massive moons, these satellites are constantly rotating around Jupiter, which has a huge impact on Jupiter's magnetic field. When a massive Jupiter satellite approaches a polar vortex, it can tilt, stretch, shear or break the polar vortex, even draw some sub cyclones out of the polar vortex, and some sub cyclones may turn into cyclones with opposite flow direction. Hence, the destruction of Jupiter's satellites will not only weaken the dipole magnetic field produced by the original cyclone, but also generate some reversed magnetic fields, which can counteract part of the original magnetic field. When this kind of Jupiter moons revolve enough times, the superposition of the generated magnetic fields of opposite direction will cancel out the original magnetic field, finally, making Jupiter’s magnetic field reverse. Therefore, the north pole of Jupiter's magnetic field is near the geographical North Pole, and the south pole of Jupiter's magnetic field is near the geographical South Pole. Hence，the direction of Jupiter's magnetic field is opposite to that of Earth's magnetic field.