Abstract
Increased number of threats to user interface of navigation signals, mainly in the form of suppression of navigation signals by jamming as well as navigation signal spoofing by false signals, assumes development of counter measures including improvement of structure security of navigation signals on the basis of stochastic use of code sequences which are ranging codes. This article proves the required number of unique discrete code sequences which can improve structure security of navigation signal in global navigation satellite system upon their stochastic use. Properties of discrete quasi-orthogonal code sequences are estimated which are used and proposed for use in global navigation satellite systems with channel code division, they are compared with optimum values of code balancing, number of element series and lower bounds of maximum lateral peaks of aperiodic auto-correlation function and maximum peaks of aperiodic mutual-correlation function. The experimental results show that the minimum values of the considered correlation functions of discrete quasi-orthogonal code sequences of known global navigation satellite systems exceed the lower bound by 3–6 times. The performances of code balancing and element series of discrete quasi-orthogonal code sequences of the known global navigation satellite systems satisfy in average the allowable intervals. The number of source lines of discrete quasi-orthogonal code sequences of the known global navigation satellite systems is significantly lower than their umber required for improvement of structure security of navigation signal based on their stochastic use. On the basis of the revealed drawbacks of the known discrete quasi-orthogonal code sequences, the necessity to develop new methods is substantiated allowing to obtain their required number together with statistic properties comparable with the best values of discrete quasi-orthogonal code sequences applied as navigation signals in global navigation satellite systems.
Highlights
Technologies of positioning and timing support based on global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) become more and more popular in various fields of human life
This work is aimed at determination of digital bound of sufficient number of binary quasiorthogonal code sequences (BQOCS), which can improve structure security of GNSS navigations signals (NS) upon their stochastic use and estimate conformity between this requirement and number of BQOCS obtained by known methods
Averaged data are available on aperiodic autocorrelation function (AACF) and aperiodic mutual correlation function (ACCF) peaks of BQOCS at all possible shifts and the data on code balancing and number of element series are not published
Summary
Technologies of positioning and timing support based on global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) become more and more popular in various fields of human life. Analysis of threats to functions and estimation of error controlled interfaces of GNSS with code division multiple access (CDMA) defines the following threats as the most significant for user interface: suppression of navigations signals (NS) by jamming as well as NS spoofing by false signal [2, 3]. It is demonstrated [4,5,6] that jam resistance of NS with CDMA upon arrangement of imitating jamming and NS spoofing can be improved by structure security of NS on the basis of stochastic use of code sequences which are ranging codes
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