Formamide deionized accelerates the somatic embryogenesis of Cunninghamia lanceolata

Shichan He,Renhua Zheng,Yulin Guo,Jinhui Chen,Zhaodong Hao,Asif Ali,Jisen Shi,Dandan Wang,Hua Wu,Xuenyan Zheng

doi:10.5424/fs/2021303-18068

Shichan He, Renhua Zheng + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2021303-18068

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Abstract

Aim of the study: To improve the efficiency of the somatic embryogenesis (SE) in Cunninghamia lanceolata. Area of the study: The study was conducted at Nanjing Forestry University (Nanjing, China). Material and methods: Immature cones of C. lanceolata, genotype 01A1 which was planted in Yangkou State-owned Forest Farm (Fujian, China), were used to induced callus. These calli were used to induce SE, concentration gradients of 0 g/L, 0.01134 g/L, 0.1134 g/L, 1.1134 g/L and 11.34 g/L of FD was added, to explore the optimal concentration for promoting SE of C. lanceolata. Main results: Low concentration of FD promoted the maturation of somatic embryos, while high concentration of FD lead to browning of embryogenic callus. The seedling rate and rooting number of seedlings induced by different concentrations of FD were significantly different. Research highlights: This study may aid in the rapid maturation of C. lanceolata somatic embryos and is useful for accelerated C. lanceolata breeding. Keywords: C. lanceolata; Formamide Deionized; Somatic embryogenesis; Seedling rate. Abbreviations used: FD (Formamide Deionized), FD0 (the concentration of 0 g/L FD), FD0.01134 (the concentration of 0.01134 g/L FD), FD0.1134 (the concentration of 0.1134 g/L FD), FD1.134 (the concentration of 1.134 g/L FD), FD11.34 (the concentration of 11.34 g/L FD).

Highlights

Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook, belonging to the Taxodiaceae family, is the principal indigenous tree species in subtropical Southern China (Duan et al, 2017) and has long been cultivated since more than one thousand years ago (Zhao et al, 2009; Chen et al, 2013; Tang et al, 2016)
The cotyledonary embryos can form from the calli of FD0, FD0.01134, and FD0.1134 treatments, while the callus treated with higher concentration (1.1134 g/L and 11.34 g/L) of Formamide Deionized (FD) would turn brown after 3 weeks, cannot form cotyledon embryos
We found that the proembryogenic masses (PEMs) turned yellow slightly on the seventh day (Fig. 2A, 2E, 2I), but the structure of embryogenesis suspensor mass (ESM) had no obvious change (Fig. 3A, 3E, 3I)

Summary

Introduction

Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook, belonging to the Taxodiaceae family, is the principal indigenous tree species in subtropical Southern China (Duan et al, 2017) and has long been cultivated since more than one thousand years ago (Zhao et al, 2009; Chen et al, 2013; Tang et al, 2016). In the past 60 years, breeding workers have made a lot of efforts on genetic improvement of C. lanceolata (Shi et al, 2010; Zheng et al, 2015a; Zheng et al, 2015b), such as mass production of cuttings (Li & Gary, 1999), application of tissue culture for propagation (Zhu et al, 2007), and genetic engineering (Gao et al, 2013). These genetic improvements are still subject to various restrictions, such as the number of mother tree cuttings, site space, and rooting rate. These limitations make it difficult for the production of improved C. lanceolata seedlings to meet the large demands of modern forestry production

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