Abstract
Kabul Region with around 5 million population, which are 60% live in Kabul City 103,049 Ha (MUDH, 2016), covers around 69% of Informal settlements, which suffer from lack of basic infrastructure, potable water, public spaces, and urban management system (Amiri & Lukumwena, 2018). Urban Institutions and other related stakeholders try to cover the previous issues that happened due to mismanagement and rapid migration, after a long time public sectors supported preparing Master Plan in 2011 and other strategic plans to lead the city development toward a systematic manner (JICA, 2011a). Previous master plans and the relevant detailed plans did not apply very well and couldn’t answer the Kabul Residents’ demand, in addition after the year 2001 and rapid migration there was not a pre-plan to control the marginal part of the city. Then, the lack of acceptable method(s) among urban sectors and residents caused the issues to get hands together and change the City aspect. The purpose of this research is to find proper methods of intervention to formalize the informal settlements where the living standards get higher and the other side increasing the public services by tax collection. At the existing situation tax (Safaie) of 31% planned area is a budget of services provide by Kabul Municipality. This research will help Kabul Municipality and other stakeholder organizations to select the development tools for the betterment of urban conditions based on the existing situation, environmental and applicable according to the socio-economic situation of Kabul City with the lowest budget and demolition. Meanwhile, this will draw a proper path for those organizations implementing the improvements project without future development outlook for the city.
Highlights
Kabul enlightens us with a wealth of cultural repositories through its architecture and urban form, which are the result of an evolving process of development through many generations (Sasaki, 2019).A rapid migration toward Kabul city and demographical explosion with respect to considering the security and employment in surrounding provinces which gradually get worse than past years will face the city with a major challenge of informal settlements growth in suburban areas, agricultural land, vacant land, and hilly areas (MUDH, 2015)
This research will help Kabul Municipality and other stakeholder organizations to select the development tools for the betterment of urban conditions based on the existing situation, environmental and applicable according to the socio-economic situation of Kabul City with the lowest budget and demolition
The only proposed methods like land readjustment and urban redevelopment which are introduced by JICA experts to Afghanistan, the implementation of such projects to formalize the informal settlements even are not adequate though will take a long time due to complex processes of implementation and land clarification (Author, 2020)
Summary
Kabul enlightens us with a wealth of cultural repositories through its architecture and urban form, which are the result of an evolving process of development through many generations (Sasaki, 2019).A rapid migration toward Kabul city and demographical explosion with respect to considering the security and employment in surrounding provinces which gradually get worse than past years will face the city with a major challenge of informal settlements growth in suburban areas, agricultural land, vacant land, and hilly areas (MUDH, 2015). Heretofore, the only applied method was the detailed plans which stopped due to lack of planners, implementation issues and being timed. A Zoning Procedure by Kabul Municipality had prepared to get the building permit for planned areas. Alongside, another zoning Procedure is work subject for unplanned areas. The only proposed methods like land readjustment and urban redevelopment which are introduced by JICA experts to Afghanistan, the implementation of such projects to formalize the informal settlements even are not adequate though will take a long time due to complex processes of implementation and land clarification (Author, 2020)
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