Abstract
The US physicist Ralph Alpher, whose pioneering calculations supported the concept of the Big Bang, died on 12August at the age of 86. Working with George Gamow and Ralph Herman in the late 1940s, Alpher made the first attempt to calculate the abundance of elements created in the hot early universe and also predicted the temperature of the radiation left over from the Big Bang. Although this “cosmic microwave background” was discovered in 1964, Alpher's contributions to the birth of cosmology went largely unrecognized.
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