Forest fires: methods and means for their suppression

Abstract

It is noted that for the Russian Federation the forest is of great importance in the development of the economy. The causes of forest fires that cause great damage to nature and society are considered. It is indicated that the annual economic damage from forest fires can amount to billions of rubles. A brief description of forest fires possible types is given with an indication of the causes of their occurrence and the conditions of the course. The existing methods of extinguishing natural deflagrations are analyzed, which, according to the nature of the effect on the combustion process, are divided into active and passive. The design of the fire-fighting soil-thrower machine is presented to extinguish forest fires with soil. The authors carried out experimental studies of the functioning of the developed aggregate. With the purpose of analyzing the effectiveness of the introduction and further application of the presented machine, the calculation of the economic efficiency of its operation was performed. The obtained results show that the specific current costs when using the gun are reduced by 15% compared to the serial available analog.