Abstract
Research was initiated in 1984 in an attempt to quantify and test possible hypotheses for the systematic decline and mortality of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) observed in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Field surveys have documented increases in decline symptoms. By 1986, 7% of all tagged red spruce trees in permanent plots were dead. This number, partially due to the effects of severe weather, increased to 41% in 1987.
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