Abstract
The purpose of this article is to establish a scientific foundation for the significance of studying the formation and expansion of the subject matter in expert road technical research. This is aimed at enhancing the efficiency of specific expertise utilization in investigating criminal offenses related to the construction and repair of roads. Additionally, it focuses on determining damages resulting from the destruction of road infrastructure due to hostilities and other negative factors affecting the state of road infrastructure. The methodological basis of the study is grounded in the principles of the theory of cognition, enabling an exploration of the essence of the subject matter of road technical research. It involves the identification of factual data and circumstances related to criminal proceedings (formulating the concept of the subject matter of road technical examination depending on the tasks to be addressed) and the determination of objects, subjects, and research methods. A set of methods of scientific cognition is applied, including general scientific, individual, and special methodologies. The author outlines and scientifically substantiates the directions for forming the subject areas of forensic road technical examination. Based on the analysis of statistical data from expert practice, the author demonstrates an increase in both the number and complexity of road technical examinations performed. The genesis of changes in the boundaries of the subject matter of forensic road and technical research is clarified. Attention is focused on the close connection of the subject of forensic research with the tasks to be solved in connection with qualitative changes in crime and the challenges of war. The author proves the need for the development and implementation of the latest forensic research methods for use by an authorized person in the investigation of criminal offenses in the field of road infrastructure. The factors influencing the results of expert research are outlined. The author formulates proposals aimed at the more efficient use of specific expertise to ensure the detection and investigation of crimes, as well as to improve the results of the work of forensic experts. This is discussed in the context of developing a scientific and methodological framework for enhancing the primary form of application of specific expertise - forensic examination.
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