Forensic Inspection Assessments of Brick Masonry Chimneys, Veneer Walls, and Porches/Decks

Abstract

This chapter defines terminology and construction methods for brick masonry chimneys, veneer walls, porches, and decks. It describes typical mechanisms and causes associated with the failure of brick masonry chimneys, veneer walls, porches, and decks. Masonry construction is widely used to build various structures, including houses, pathways, steps, decks, porches, and chimneys. Mortar is a malleable paste used to bind masonry units together and is typically composed of sand, water, and a binder. The performance of a masonry chimney or veneer wall is directly related to both limiting the amount of water/moisture penetration and controlling or managing the water/moisture that does enter through the brick masonry. The most common issue encountered in forensic field investigations for the failure of a chimney is associated with the footings where the chimney appears to have rotated away from the structure. Information regarding chimney construction requirements can be found in most modern residential and commercial building codes and in best practice documents.