Forensic Image Analysis - A Frame work

Abstract

Forensic image analysis is the application of image science & domain expertise to interpret the content of an image and/or image itself in legal matters. Regardless, of the type of image analysis performed, forensic experts need to perform mainly three tasks such as image interpretation, image examination and technical preparation in day today activities [2-7]. First, Interpretation is the application of specific subject matter expertise to draw conclusions about subjects or objects depicted in images. Examples include a podiatrist drawing conclusions about foot shape from an image, a shoeprint expert drawing conclusions Abstract The large volume and variety of digital images currently acquired and used in different application domain has given rise to the requirement of image analysis. Images can be found in many application domains such as journalism, advertizing, medicine, weather forecasting, video surveillance, map production, remote sensing, computer aided designs etc. In particular, there is an increasing need for the development of image analysis in the forensic science, to place the perpetrator at the scene of a crime. While each application has requirements unique from the others, all are concerned with faster, cheaper, and more accurate results. Ease with which the images can be created, they may be manipulated to sway opinions or for monetary gains; one needs to be aware that seeing does not always imply believing, especially in courtrooms. And also the human visual system is, at times remarkably inept at detecting simple geometric inconsistencies that might result from photo tempering. Even sometimes, simple differences may not be identified by the visual system. Analysis of images for information extraction has become very prominent area of interest in recent past. This article provides an overview of various issues used for forensic image analysis (FIA) using the three main components: Pre-processing, Feature extraction and the Image analysis. Embedding such capabilities of image analysis components in visual surveillance systems may automatically detect hostile intent in advance.