Foreign Policy of Bangladesh towards India-China Tussle: A Neoclassical Realist Analysis

Abstract

The security of South Asia often remains in turmoil because of the rivalry between the neighboring countries. South Asian countries, particularly developing states, adhere to the principles of strategic hedging for security and economic development. Bangladesh, as an ambitious and developing state, is no exception. Aiming for economic prosperity, Bangladesh tries to maintain a balanced relationship with its bordering states. The evolving regional economic and political dynamics are becoming more competitive and challenging than ever before. This competitive environment can enable Bangladesh to pursue economic and political advantages, reflecting neoclassical realism. Considering the South Asian political developments, the India-China relationship serves as the foundation of regional balance. This research utilizes a qualitative methodology based on neo-classical realism to assess previous data and forecast potential intervening variables that drive Bangladesh to achieve strategic balance in its bilateral relationship with India and China. In this context, the study uses the neoclassical realist model to explain the structural and national interests of Bangladesh and the influence of the strategic environment of the region on its foreign policies.